Method of facing tools and resulting product



May 5, 1931. w. F. sTooDY ET AL 1,803,875

METHOD OF FACING TOOLS AND RESULTING PRODUCT Filed Jan. 30, 1928 i 20 Figure 3 shows the de menue May 5,1931

UNI-TED STATESA PATENT OFFICE l l'. STOODY, SHELLEY M. STOODY, AND NORMAN W. COLE, 0I' WHITTIECB., CALL FORNIA, ABSIGNOBS T STOODY COMPANY, 0F WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORA- TION 0F' CAIJIOBNIA MOD OF FACING AND RESULTING PRODUCE Application led January 30, 1928. Serial No. 250,698.

Our invention relates to a method of fac.-

in tools and resulting product.

t isl an object of this invention to face tools used for cutting, drilling or boring, fl with a' layer of metalin which are embedded pieces or particles of an exceedingly tough and hard material of great wear-resisting properties.

.Our invention consists in the method and 1 resulting product hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, we have illustrated the means and manner used in our in- '15 vention, and in which,

Figure 1 is an elevation of a welding rod with parts in section used in our method. Figure 2 is a cross section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. f

ositing of the ma- -terial of the welding ro y on a tool to face the same.

Figure 4 shows the step,of depositing the second layer of metal. on the rst deposited layer on the face of the tool. Figure 5 shows a fish-tail bitsuch as used for drilling oil wells, the .cutting surfaces of which have been faced with a layer of cutting metal deposited in accordance with our method.

Referrin to the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a welding r used in our method. The same consists of a tubular container 1, made of metal of a comparatively low melting point such as mild steel. The same is filled with pieces orparticles 2 of an alloy or element of a considerably higher melting point than the mild steel of which the tube 1 is composed; The tube 1 is preferablyl inched together at the ends 3 so as to conEne the particles or ieces 2 within the tube. Though anyl hard and tough Aalloy of a considerably higher melting point than mildsteel may be used in place of the pieces or particles 2, we prefer to use a carbide of tungsten.

The alloy just referred to is described and claimed in our co-'pending a plication for an alloy, Serial No. 250,699, led January 30, 41928, and the welding rod itself is described and claimed in our co-pending applicationfor welding rod, Serial N o. 250,697, filed January 30, 1928 now Patent No. 1,757,601, dated May 6, 1930.

The tool to be faced with a layer of a cutting, drilling or boring surface, is shown at 4. A layer of metal 5, in which the partlcles 2 are embedded, is deposited thereon by melting the end of the welding rod by any suitable means such as an acetylene torch indicated at 6. On the layer 5 shown in Figure f1, we deposit a top layer 7 by melting a Welding rod 8 by means of an acetylene torch 6 or the like. The welding rod 8 is a hard tool steel having a higher melting point than the mild steel 1, in which the particles 2 are embedded. We prefer to use hard tool steel such for example, as setv forth in U. S. Patent No. 1,559,015 dated October 27, 1925.

The object of using a mild tool steel as -the tube in the welding rod is to provide a bond or binder for the particles 2 of the hard alloy which bond or binder is fusible at a temperature which will not cause the alloy toy form gases or oxidize, which would result in fissures or blow-holes.

The mild tool steel forms a bond welded or fused on to the face of the tool. The skin of the mild tool steel covering the particles 2, will protect the same when the steel alloy 7 is fused and deposited on top thereof. If the hard tool steel were used as the tube in the welding rod, there would be danger of the alloy particles being oxidized and forming blow-holes which are avoided by using a tube of mild steel which is of comparatively low fusing point. v

The resulting cutting or drilling face of the tool is thus provided with an outer hard and tough layer of tool steel, which, as it is worn down, exposes the still harder and tougher particles and pieces of alloy 2, which. form an effective and, durable cutting and drilling face of the tool.

While we preferto deposita second layer of hard tool steel as just described, good results are also attained where the second layer of metal is omitted and the deposit on the face of the tool consists of the metal derivedfrom the tube of the welding rod in which the pieces of the harderi'material are im bedded.

Various changes ma be made by those skilled in the art wit out departing from the spirit of our invention as claimed.

We claim:

1. A method of facing tools comprising fusing a layer of metal containing pieces of a material having a greater melting point than said metal upon the face of a tool, and fusing a second layer of a metal on top of the first layer, said second la er having a melting point considerably higlier than said first layer.` y E 2. A method of facing tools, fusing a layer of mild steel containing particles of an alloy having a considerably higher melting point than said mild steel upon the face of a tool, and fusing a second layer of tool steel upon said lirst layer.

3. A method of facing tools comprising fusing a layer of mild steel and containing pieces of an alloy comprising tungsten `and carbon on the face of the tool, and fusing a second layer of hard ltool steel on said first layer.

4. A tool having an operating face comprising two fused layers, the first layer consisting of a metal of comparatively low melting point having embedded therein pieces of an alloy of a considerably higher melting point, and the second layer comprising tool steel.

5. The method of facing tools which comprises rst associating together a metal of relativel low melting point and pieces of a hard su stance of relatively high melting point, supplying heat to the associated mass to cause the metal of low melting point to melt and be deposited on the tool and carry with it the pieces of hard substance depositing them on the tool without materially changing theiriidentity, causing a fusion to take place between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and allowing the metal of low melting point to cool and harden about the pieces and thus anchor them to the tool.

6. The method of facing tools which includes associating together a metal of relatively low melting point and pieces ,of a hard material of relatively high melting depositing the associated mass on a tool y an Oxy-acetylene welding flame, causing a fusion to take place between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and al- A lowing the metal to cool and harden about the hard material to anchor it in place without having melted the hard material to any material extent.

7. The method of facing tools which includes associating together a metal of yrelatively low melting point and ieces "of a tungstic material of relatively high melting point, depositing the associated mass on the oint,

tool b an Oxy-acetylene welding iame, causing a usion to take place between the metal of terial extent, causing a fusion to take place,

between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and allowing the metal Ito cool and harden about the tungstic material and thus anchor the tungstic material in place.

9. The method of facing tools which in'-l cludes associating 'a hard material of relatively high melting point with a metal of relatively low meltmg point, simultaneously depositing the hard material and metal on a tool, as by welding, with a heat incapable 0f melting the hard material to any material extent, causing a fusion to take place between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and allowing the metal to cool and harden about the hard material and thus anchor it in place.

l0. The. method of facing tools which includes associating pieces of an alloy containl ing tungsten and carbon with a metal of rela.- tively low melting point, simultaneously depositing the alloy and metal on the tool, as by welding, with a heat incapable of melting the alloy to any7 material extent, causing a fusion to take p ace between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and allowing the metal to cool and harden about thel alloy and thus anchor the alloy in place.

l1. The method of facing tools .which includes associating particles of an alloy containing tungsten and carbon which are of such size that they are incapable of being completely melted under a welding temperature with a metal of relatively low meltmg point, simultaneously depositing the particles and metal on a tool, as by weldin with a heat incapable of melting the particles to any material extent, causing a fusionI to take place 'between the metal of low melting point and the metal of the tool, and allowing the metal to cool and harden about the particles and thus. anchor them in place.

12. The method of applying hard metal particles to a surface to e protected thereby which comprises welding a material o'f low meltin point to the surface and simultaneously epositing pieces of a material of high .melting point without melting or fusing the miv between the material of low melting point and the material forming the surface, and allowing the molten material to cool'and harden about the ieces of materlal of high melting point and t us fasten them to the surface to be protected.

13. The method of applying hard metal particles to a surface to protected thereby which comprises associating together pieces of material of high melting point with a material of low melting point and weldm the associated materials on the surface wit out melting or fusing the pieces of material of high melting point to any material extent, causing a fusion to take place between the material of low melting point and the material forming the surface, and allowing the molten material to cool and harden about the pieces of material of high melting polnt and thus 'fasten them to the surface to be protected.

14. YThe method of applying hard partlcles to a surface to ybe protected thereby which comprises inclosing pieces of material of high melting point in a material of low melting point and welding both materials on the surface without melting or fusing the pieces of material of -high meltin point to any material extent, causing a usion to take place between the material of low. melting point and the material forming the surface,l and allowing the molten material to cool and harden about the pieces of material of hi h melting point and thus fasten them to t e surface to be protected.

15. The method of applying hard particles or pieces to a surface to be protected thereby which comprises associatin the particles or pieces with amaterial of re atively low melting point, depositing both materials on the surface as by welding, causing a fusion to take place between the material of low melting point and the material forming the surface, and allowing the molten material of low melting point to cool and harden about the particles or pieces and thus fasten them to the surface.

16. The method of applying hardparticles to a surface to be protected thereby which comprises associating together pieces ofma'- terial of high melting point with a material of low melting point, weldin the associated materials on the surface wit out melting or fusing the pieces of materialof high melting point to any material extent, allowing the molten material to cool and harden about the pieces of material of high melting point and thus fasten them to the surface to be protected, and coating the applied materials with a protecting coating of metal.

17. The method of applying hard particles to a surface to be protected thereby which comprises depositing pieces of a material of high melting point together with a material of low melting point on the surface, supplying heat to the materials to melt the material of low melting point, and causing a fusion to take place between the material of low melting point and the material forming the surface` without melting or fusing the pieces of material of high melting point to any material extent, allowing the molten material to cool and harden about the pieces of material of high melting point and thus fasten them to thesurface to be protected.

18. The method of forming a drilling or cutting tool that includes, securing a cutting element to a cutter body by a fusible andl comparatively tough material, and applyin to the surface of the cutter body about sai element a -sheath of comparatively brittle material.

V19. The method of forming a drilling .orl

cutting tool that includes securing a cutting element to a cutter body by a fusible and comparatively tough material, and covering said element and thesurface of the cutter body With a sheath of comparatively hard and brittle material.

20. The method of formino' a drilling or cutting tool that includes, applying a cutting element to-a cutter body in a matrix of comparatively tough material, and covering said element and the surfaceof the cutter body with a sheath of comparatively brittle material, the last mentioned material being of greater hardness than the material forming the matrix.

21. The method of forminor a drilling or cutting tool that includes, applying a cutting element to a cutter body in a matrix of comparatively tough material, and covering said element and the surface of the cutter body with a sheath of comparatively' brittle material, the materials forming the cutting element, sheath and matrix being respectively of decreasing hardness.

22. The method of forming a drilling or cutting tool that includes studding a cutter body with cutting elements secured to the body iny a fused matrix of comparatively ltough material, and covering thel studded surface of said body with a fused sheath of comparatively brittle material, the last mentioned material being of greater hardness than the material forming the matrix.

23. The method of forming a built-up cutterblade thatincludes. studding the blade along its edge with cutting elements secured to the blade in a fused matrix of comparatively tough material, and covering the studded face of the blade with a fused sheath of comparatively harder and brittle material.

24. A drill bit embodying a cutterbody, a cutting element secured to said body in a fused matrix of comparatively tough and y Ywo 

